LEDs, like all electronics, actually operate more efficiently at colder temperatures. LED traffic signals handle winters just fine. Snow and ice shouldn't be an issue. Snow plows, on the other hand...
Wasn't thinking about electric performance, but about the freeze-thaw cycle and them staying in the pavement. According to DaBigeE above, they seem to be holding their own so far against the plows. Might be a replacement for reflectors in the future.
It all depends on how well they are installed and what they're installed in. Ones placed in concrete seem to be far more stable than those embedded in asphalt.
I don't see them seeing wide-spread use any time in the near future, except for especially problematic areas or those requiring special attention for some other reason. They're more labor intensive and have a significant up-front cost. As a comparison, WisDOT has abandoned in-pavement reflectors (RPM's as they referred to them by--Raised Pavement Markers), at least in their old form (reflectors mounted in cast-iron holders). Instead, they are now using wet-reflect marking tape, 4-8" wide x 2' long, which is grooved into the pavement surface.