Here's the thing about traffic calming measures: it's gotta be done right. There are several different methods of calming traffic, but they are not universally applicable. In some cases it seems like the engineers just put in something because it worked elsewhere. The analysis needs to be much more detailed and site-specific then that.
When done right, traffic calming measures can be quite effective. But these types of measures seem to work less and less the greater the road classification. Getting much higher than minor urban collector status means traffic is probably not going to be calmed much no matter what you do.
As to the OP's question: I've seen many areas where traffic calming has worked quite well. Many of these have been the use of chicanes/chokers, mini roundabouts, speed humps, and/or full or partial closures in residential areas. On some minor collector roads in Reno, the "road diet" approach--converting a four-lane road into a two-lane road with center left-turn lane and adding bike lanes in each direction with on-street parking (where space permits)--seems to have worked well for both slowing traffic and providing multi-modal transport options.