Doesn’t have to be the same place, but those instances would be pretty notable if they are extreme. For me back in January of 2013 I experienced -14F weather during a morning drive from Cedar City, Utah west to Great Basin National Park. Seven days later I experienced 94F weather on the Rio Grande River at Big Bend National Park.
I've definitely flown through JFK from Rio on the way back to LA in February. One time my ex- and I even had a 20-hour stop over with a room. We went into town and needed winter coats. It was around 25F or so in New York after having had about 42C (108F), at least if you believe the temperature on all of the banks, the day before in Rio. Back in LA, it was more like mid 70s to low-80sF.
I have encountered similar differences after working in Seoul for several months (ending in January) where -15-20C (-4 to +5F) in the morning was common and heading immediately to Sint Marten where you wondered whether the thermometers that almost constantly showed 30C(86F) were broken. Although, I was almost always at the beach or the pool at the hottest times of the day, so I only saw the temperature in the late morning or and usually early evening to early morning.
Without involving three continents, living in Sacramento, there is usually one week in late March, April, or early May where the air dries out from a recent storm and it goes from a high 42F and fog on to Sunny in the mid-90sF. I believe that it actually hit about 105F one May after frost (or maybe just "colder than ...") earlier in the week, but I could be mistaken about the extremes. Maybe it was only "lows in the high 40s to highs in the low 90s", but you get the idea.
I do remember that on May 15, 1990, at about 9PM, I observed light snow in South Lake Tahoe as I left from an after work round trip to get back to Sacramento where it had been mid 80s earlier in the day.