re the pants-sagging thing: I just don't feel the need to be the arbiter of what is "appropriate" or not in places where I have no authority to do so. If I owned a business that were open to the public and someone were to wear something inappropriate, I might feel inclined to say something (although I've always thought dress codes were sort of stupid). But if someone wears something inappropriate/tacky in Walmart, it doesn't bother me—I'm not in charge of Walmart so saying what is and is not appropriate to wear there isn't any of my business.
Honestly, I think the world might be a better (or at least more interesting) place if we lightened up on what people wore. We used to have a customer at the casino who would show up on occasion decked out like an 18th-century pirate. It was awesome. But I could never do something like that. I would feel too self-conscious that people were judging me for wearing something "inappropriate". Yeah, being dressed as a pirate to do your errands
is inappropriate attire, but it would make buying groceries more fun...
Employment by written contract is not the norm in the US the way it is in the UK.
Wait, so most Americans don't sign an employment contract? How does a worker guarantee the employer provides them the agreed-upon salary, vacation days, sick days, etc. without a contract?
They don't. Basically, when you go into a job, you simply have to trust that they will honor the salary and benefits they promised you during the recruitment/hiring process. Most places, but not all, will give you a paper to sign outlining this, and you sign that paper to accept the position. But as far as I know it's not legally binding. That being said, only particularly scummy companies will change things on you like that, because most people will react to "pay/benefits not being what was agreed to" by quitting. More common is them promising you something like a raise or a change in schedule after a period of time ("we'll start you at $10/hour on graveyard shift, and then after six months you'll be out of your training period so we'll raise you to $15 and move you to swing") and then after that time elapses coming up with excuses ("well, we can't move you to swing until after we replace Marsha...and the budget is a little tight so we can't go through with the raise yet...")
Employment is, like healthcare, one of the parts of American society that is about 75 years behind best practice in most other Western countries. Minimum wage is still US$7.25/hour, and there is no requirement to provide any sort of sick leave or vacation time. The idea is that companies will have to compete for employees by offering more luxurious benefits to make themselves a more attractive employer, but in practice that only tends to happen for jobs with more specialized requirements. And when conditions change that make employment in certain fields unpalatable, a good chunk of the populace has been brainwashed into asking "Why are people too lazy to work anymore?" rather than "What's wrong with these jobs that's causing nobody to want to take them?"