You guys already know my views on 5 and 11.
But US 400 has no use, most of it has another number.
US 350
Us 400 is a waste of a number. Us 56 is another.
Pixel 5
Subtracting the scenic factor US 191 between Alpine and Morenci in Arizona.
From a google search:
https://www.aaroads.com/forum/index.php?topic=11557.0
https://www.aaroads.com/forum/index.php?topic=20373.0
And at this point, the "Unpopular US highways opinions" thread is pretty much a type of useless US highways thread.
Quote from: Roadgeekteen on February 01, 2021, 06:19:41 PM
But US 400 has no use, most of it has another number.
It's tough for me to get to I-44 from here without it, considering that's the highway I use.
These 132 miles of that route (https://goo.gl/maps/Ju9hMZPFd13jDViX7) are not duplexed with any other highway, except exactly one mile of K-99.
Before you go and say it should go back to just being K-96, consider that it's the primary corridor between Wichita and Springfield, MO. It is heavily utilized by truckers, RV travelers, regional businessmen, and locals alike. Truck traffic accounts for about 25-35% of the total volume, depending on the segment.
Boring? yes. Useless? no.
Personally, I think it should be extended eastward over K-171, MO-171, and MO-96 (old Route 66) to Halltown.
Quote from: 1 on February 01, 2021, 06:34:38 PM
US 350
I'll pick a different one from my state. US138. At least US350 provides a shortcut from New Mexico to La Junta. US138 is basically just BL76.
Chris
To me, US 138 is the US Highway equivalent of an elderly almost-forgotten man who lost his parents when he was a toddler (US 38 of course), and has no memory of them. He only has a tattered old roadside photo of a US 38 sign in the field to remind him of who his birth parents were. His foster parents (US 6) never adopted him, so he lived almost all of his life feeling like an orphan. His useful working life was even cut short by I-80S/I-76, so he lives out his days as a lonely old man.
If a highway has a paralleling interstate, then it doesn't make it useless, but it is kinda worthless. But anyway,
- US 96, I mean cmon. At least the 400 routes serve important areas
- US 57. What's the point of having a duonational route if it doesn't go anywhere..? EXTEND IT
- US 113. It was a nice alternate, but it isn't that much faster than 13 anymore and it's purpose was defeated when it got truncated to DE 1.
- US 59/69/71/73/75/77 and 159. 159 doesn't even do its job now. But those other routes are literally too close together! I get these mixed up so I can't even go into detail.
- US 166. This is literally very useless. Its just a straight line between the 60's. It wishes to be US 400.
- US 56. I kinda like this, but did it really need to be a US route?
- US 180.. It reminds me of the kid who cheated in PE and ran shortcuts so they could get the most laps.
I was gonna put 138 on here, but I see yall already did. I kinda feel bad for it now
Quote from: kenarmy on February 01, 2021, 07:49:44 PM
- US 59/69/71/73/75/77 and 159. 159 doesn't even do its job now. But those other routes are literally too close together! I get these mixed up so I can't even go into detail.
If you can't tell the difference between, in order, Lawrence, Muskogee, Joplin, Leavenworth, Tulsa, and Oklahoma City, that will get you mixed up about a lot of different things in life, I'd imagine.
Quote from: Scott5114 on February 01, 2021, 08:34:05 PM
Quote from: kenarmy on February 01, 2021, 07:49:44 PM
- US 59/69/71/73/75/77 and 159. 159 doesn't even do its job now. But those other routes are literally too close together! I get these mixed up so I can't even go into detail.
If you can't tell the difference between, in order, Lawrence, Muskogee, Joplin, Leavenworth, Tulsa, and Oklahoma City, that will get you mixed up about a lot of different things in life, I'd imagine.
No I mean in deciding which one should be done away with. Like at one point, 59,73,75,77,275, 269, and 69 are only around 150 miles apart, it may be smaller than this at another point, but I just picked one and measured. That's too much.
Quote from: SkyPesos on February 01, 2021, 07:03:06 PM
From a google search:
https://www.aaroads.com/forum/index.php?topic=11557.0
https://www.aaroads.com/forum/index.php?topic=20373.0
And at this point, the "Unpopular US highways opinions" thread is pretty much a type of useless US highways thread.
The second one is his own.
How about US 46? Small, only in NJ (gross), and end in the middle of the GW Bridge
Quote from: kenarmy on February 01, 2021, 09:42:33 PM
Quote from: Scott5114 on February 01, 2021, 08:34:05 PM
Quote from: kenarmy on February 01, 2021, 07:49:44 PM
- US 59/69/71/73/75/77 and 159. 159 doesn't even do its job now. But those other routes are literally too close together! I get these mixed up so I can't even go into detail.
If you can't tell the difference between, in order, Lawrence, Muskogee, Joplin, Leavenworth, Tulsa, and Oklahoma City, that will get you mixed up about a lot of different things in life, I'd imagine.
No I mean in deciding which one should be done away with. Like at one point, 59,73,75,77,275, 269, and 69 are only around 150 miles apart, it may be smaller than this at another point, but I just picked one and measured. That's too much.
They all serve completely different corridors. Why would you need to get rid of one?
Also there's no such thing as US-269.
Quote from: ahj2000 on February 01, 2021, 10:36:23 PM
How about US 46? Small, only in NJ (gross), and end in the middle of the GW Bridge
I wouldn't call it "small;" it's a pretty major route in New Jersey. And why is that "gross?" US 57 is only in Texas, US 92 is only in Florida, and US 96 is only in Texas. That being said, you could make the case for any of the above being downgraded to state routes.
Quote from: Scott5114 on February 02, 2021, 03:18:52 AM
Quote from: kenarmy on February 01, 2021, 09:42:33 PM
No I mean in deciding which one should be done away with. Like at one point, 59,73,75,77,275, 269, and 69 are only around 150 miles apart, it may be smaller than this at another point, but I just picked one and measured. That's too much.
They all serve completely different corridors. Why would you need to get rid of one?
Also there's no such thing as US-269.
Didn't Alanland get started by putting it in the middle of a list of other countries?
None of them are useless.
Quote from: Scott5114 on February 02, 2021, 03:18:52 AM
Quote from: kenarmy on February 01, 2021, 09:42:33 PM
Quote from: Scott5114 on February 01, 2021, 08:34:05 PM
Quote from: kenarmy on February 01, 2021, 07:49:44 PM
- US 59/69/71/73/75/77 and 159. 159 doesn't even do its job now. But those other routes are literally too close together! I get these mixed up so I can't even go into detail.
If you can't tell the difference between, in order, Lawrence, Muskogee, Joplin, Leavenworth, Tulsa, and Oklahoma City, that will get you mixed up about a lot of different things in life, I'd imagine.
No I mean in deciding which one should be done away with. Like at one point, 59,73,75,77,275, 269, and 69 are only around 150 miles apart, it may be smaller than this at another point, but I just picked one and measured. That's too much.
They all serve completely different corridors. Why would you need to get rid of one?
Also there's no such thing as US-269.
I meant 169, and you can add 159 to that list. And you would need to get rid of one because they are too close together! There are
several other corridors that really deserve a two digit number and it has a lot to do with the system being so skewed. All those routes aren't deserving a US number, or a 2 digit one at least. Why is 73 still a thing? It's a shortcut to KC, but using 75 to go to I-40 is slightly faster.. Why couldn't it have been downgraded so the number could be used elsewhere?
Quote from: kenarmy on February 02, 2021, 08:17:57 AM
Quote from: Scott5114 on February 02, 2021, 03:18:52 AM
Quote from: kenarmy on February 01, 2021, 09:42:33 PM
Quote from: Scott5114 on February 01, 2021, 08:34:05 PM
Quote from: kenarmy on February 01, 2021, 07:49:44 PM
- US 59/69/71/73/75/77 and 159. 159 doesn't even do its job now. But those other routes are literally too close together! I get these mixed up so I can't even go into detail.
If you can't tell the difference between, in order, Lawrence, Muskogee, Joplin, Leavenworth, Tulsa, and Oklahoma City, that will get you mixed up about a lot of different things in life, I'd imagine.
No I mean in deciding which one should be done away with. Like at one point, 59,73,75,77,275, 269, and 69 are only around 150 miles apart, it may be smaller than this at another point, but I just picked one and measured. That's too much.
They all serve completely different corridors. Why would you need to get rid of one?
Also there's no such thing as US-269.
I meant 169, and you can add 159 to that list. And you would need to get rid of one because they are too close together! There are several other corridors that really deserve a two digit number and it has a lot to do with the system being so skewed. All those routes aren't deserving a US number, or a 2 digit one at least. Why is 73 still a thing? It's a shortcut to KC, but using 75 to go to I-40 is slightly faster.. Why couldn't it have been downgraded so the number could be used elsewhere?
2010 to 1930 population ratios:
United States | 2.51 |
North Dakota | 0.99 |
West Virginia | 1.07 |
South Dakota | 1.18 |
Iowa | 1.23 |
District of Columbia | 1.24 |
Pennsylvania | 1.32 |
Nebraska | 1.33 |
Mississippi | 1.48 |
Kansas | 1.52 |
Rhode Island | 1.53 |
New York | 1.54 |
Massachusetts | 1.54 |
Oklahoma | 1.57 |
Arkansas | 1.57 |
Missouri | 1.65 |
Kentucky | 1.66 |
Maine | 1.67 |
Illinois | 1.68 |
Ohio | 1.74 |
Vermont | 1.74 |
Alabama | 1.81 |
Montana | 1.84 |
Wisconsin | 1.94 |
Indiana | 2.00 |
Michigan | 2.04 |
Minnesota | 2.07 |
Louisiana | 2.16 |
New Jersey | 2.18 |
Connecticut | 2.22 |
Tennessee | 2.43 |
Wyoming | 2.50 |
South Carolina | 2.66 |
New Hampshire | 2.83 |
North Carolina | 3.01 |
Virginia | 3.30 |
Georgia | 3.33 |
Idaho | 3.52 |
Maryland | 3.54 |
Hawaii | 3.69 |
Delaware | 3.77 |
Oregon | 4.02 |
Washington | 4.30 |
Texas | 4.32 |
Colorado | 4.86 |
New Mexico | 4.86 |
Utah | 5.44 |
California | 6.56 |
Alaska | 11.98 |
Florida | 12.81 |
Arizona | 14.67 |
Nevada | 29.66 |
States with lower numbers than the US average of 2.51 will, in general, have more US routes than it seems like they should.
US-59 has always been out of the grid but it's part of the NAFTA corridor and yes it parallels US-75 for almost it's entire route never getting anymore than 100 miles away from it until it gets to Houston but it's still an important highway I guess it's just a numbering issue. US-59 really should be US-73. I don't even think the current US-73 even needs to exist as a US highway at all it's only 113 miles long and almost entirely within Kansas (except for the northern 22 miles which are in Nebraska). 73 isn't used as a state highway in Kansas that should have been KS-73 and US-73 should have been on US-59's route.
US 371. Most of it is overlapped with other highways anyway.
Quote from: kenarmy on February 02, 2021, 08:17:57 AM
And you would need to get rid of one because they are too close together!
No, you don't.
This thread is "most useless US Highway". All of the corridors you mentioned have distinct uses.
Quote from: Flint1979 on February 02, 2021, 11:33:18 AM
US-59 really should be US-73. I don't even think the current US-73 even needs to exist as a US highway at all it's only 113 miles long and almost entirely within Kansas (except for the northern 22 miles which are in Nebraska). 73 isn't used as a state highway in Kansas that should have been KS-73 and US-73 should have been on US-59's route.
US-73 actually used to follow the US-69 corridor through eastern Oklahoma, ending in Atoka. For some reason US-69 got extended over what used to be US-73 in 1935. A portion of what is now US-59 in Kansas was actually US-73W.
Quote from: Scott5114 on February 02, 2021, 03:34:45 PM
All of the corridors you mentioned have distinct uses.
Even 159?
Quote from: ahj2000 on February 01, 2021, 10:36:23 PM
How about US 46? Small, only in NJ (gross), and end in the middle of the GW Bridge
As a designation yes. As a route no.
US 641, to me, is the textbook example.
Quote from: 1 on February 02, 2021, 03:39:51 PM
Quote from: Scott5114 on February 02, 2021, 03:34:45 PM
All of the corridors you mentioned have distinct uses.
Even 159?
^This. You can't tell me that
every one of the highways I listed needs a US route number or isn't necessary. just because its "distinct" :-P You could say 73 is distinct, but do we realllyy need it? Does it being distinct make it useful? Not really, especially when there's a faster route between it's terminuses.
Quote from: kenarmy on February 02, 2021, 08:38:10 PM
^This. You can't tell me that every one of the highways I listed needs a US route number or isn't necessary. just because its "distinct" :-P
I can. I did.
Every one of these useless routes everyone named are distinct :colorful:, but I guess Scott. Anyway,
- 73 and 159
- US 87. It's concurrent with interstates for over 750 (!) miles and it's not signed for a lot of the way. North of Billings it takes a rough route.The only important part is in Texas, but when I-27 eventually gets finished..
Quote from: hbelkins on February 02, 2021, 04:08:13 PM
US 641, to me, is the textbook example.
I would agree even with the extension to US 64. US 641 was truncated on the northern end and then decades later extended on the southern end.
Quote from: kenarmy on February 01, 2021, 07:49:44 PM
- US 59/69/71/73/75/77 and 159. 159 doesn't even do its job now. But those other routes are literally too close together! I get these mixed up so I can't even go into detail.
Some of those you mentioned have freeway sections:
US 59: TX, will probably get replaced by I-69/I-369 in the future. Also part of the fastest route from most places in the Midwest and Northeast to Houston.
US 69: OK and KS, not sure how used the freeway section south of the KC metro area is used in KS, but south of I-44 in OK, it's one of the two primary options for St. Louis-Dallas traffic (the other is I-30/US 67 via Little Rock).
US 75: TX and OK, specifically from Dallas to where it meets US 69
You also mentioned US 169 in another post: It's a freeway in KC and Minneapolis.
Side note: Why does US 69 in OK not have bypasses around the towns it pass through? If it was in MO, OH or most other states, a bypass would've been constructed since day 1 of the freeway upgrade. Seems dangerous going from freeway speed to a main downtown street. Seems like US 67 may be faster for STL-DFW in the future once the freeway section between Walnut Ridge and Poplar Bluff gets built.
Quote from: kenarmy on February 02, 2021, 08:38:10 PM
Quote from: 1 on February 02, 2021, 03:39:51 PM
Quote from: Scott5114 on February 02, 2021, 03:34:45 PM
All of the corridors you mentioned have distinct uses.
Even 159?
^This. You can't tell me that every one of the highways I listed needs a US route number or isn't necessary. just because its "distinct" :-P You could say 73 is distinct, but do we realllyy need it? Does it being distinct make it useful? Not really, especially when there's a faster route between it's terminuses.
Most people don't use highways to their terminuses. That's a wrong way of looking at it. The question is does the corridor deserve a state highway designation. And if it does, a US Highway is simply a state highway with a common numbering scheme.
Quote from: SEWIGuy on February 03, 2021, 09:21:29 AM
Quote from: kenarmy on February 02, 2021, 08:38:10 PM
Quote from: 1 on February 02, 2021, 03:39:51 PM
Quote from: Scott5114 on February 02, 2021, 03:34:45 PM
All of the corridors you mentioned have distinct uses.
Even 159?
^This. You can't tell me that every one of the highways I listed needs a US route number or isn't necessary. just because its "distinct" :-P You could say 73 is distinct, but do we realllyy need it? Does it being distinct make it useful? Not really, especially when there's a faster route between it's terminuses.
Most people don't use highways to their terminuses. That's a wrong way of looking at it. The question is does the corridor deserve a state highway designation. And if it does, a US Highway is simply a state highway with a common numbering scheme.
True, but 73 is really short and rural.
Quote from: stridentweasel on February 02, 2021, 06:42:10 AM
Didn't Alanland get started by putting it in the middle of a list of other countries?
How dare you mention that place by name? :pan: Goat Jesus forbids and allows that.
Quote from: Flint1979 on February 02, 2021, 07:17:16 AM
None of them are useless.
Unless you're FritzOwl, then they're all useless.
Quote from: jp the roadgeek on February 03, 2021, 12:57:55 PM
Goat Jesus forbids and allows that.
Close, but not quite accurate.
He forbids it where allowed but allows it to be forbidden where not forbidden to be allowed to be forbidden but.
Quote from: SkyPesos on February 03, 2021, 09:05:37 AM
You also mentioned US 169 in another post: It's a freeway in KC and Minneapolis.
And Tulsa.
US-77, which was also mentioned, is a major freeway in Oklahoma City, as well.
Quote from: SkyPesos on February 03, 2021, 09:05:37 AM
Side note: Why does US 69 in OK not have bypasses around the towns it pass through? If it was in MO, OH or most other states, a bypass would've been constructed since day 1 of the freeway upgrade. Seems dangerous going from freeway speed to a main downtown street. Seems like US 67 may be faster for STL-DFW in the future once the freeway section between Walnut Ridge and Poplar Bluff gets built.
Local opponents in the towns, who are convinced that without the traffic nobody will visit their businesses and the towns will die off. Basically the Breezewood effect. In most other states, this doesn't work because the DOT has the resources and political capital to wait them out. ODOT is chronically underfunded, so when opposition appears, they shrug and shift the funding to some town that actually wants it.
Visit the Muskogee bypass thread in the Central States forum to watch the forum react in real time to the most latest instance of this.
us 730
US 311. :clap:
in before these get dismissed for being "distinct":
US 340. what's the purpose of this? It parallels US 11 and I-81 until Maryland. no literally what is it..
US 16. US 14 and I-90 make this route look pretty worthless. It could easily be a rerouted 14, 14 alt, or even a branch of 14.
US 212. US 12 and I-94 are both faster than this route from Minnie to Billings and it doesn't really serve anything between these points. I guess you could say a billings- Yellowstone route is important but still.
US 411. I said this route was underrated, but does it really serve that much function? It's like 11 wanted a longer E-W split, but it was rejected, so it gave birth to 411.
US 223. Surprised this is still around
Quote from: kenarmy on February 03, 2021, 11:57:15 PM
US 223. Surprised this is still around
Remember a while ago when this was proposed as part of I-73 in MI?
:rofl:
Quote from: kenarmy on February 03, 2021, 11:57:15 PM
US 212. US 12 and I-94 are both faster than this route from Minnie to Billings and it doesn't really serve anything between these points. I guess you could say a billings- Yellowstone route is important but still.
It is, however, faster than I-90 between Rapid and Billings.
Quote from: kenarmy on February 03, 2021, 11:57:15 PM
in before these get dismissed for being "distinct":
US 340. what's the purpose of this? It parallels US 11 and I-81 until Maryland. no literally what is it..
Still a spur of US 40, much to my surprise.
US 425.
Quote from: cjk374 on February 04, 2021, 05:00:38 PM
US 425.
US 425 is the fastest way between Little Rock and Baton Rouge. It may have a bizarre number but as far as the route itself, goes I don't think it's all that useless.
Quote from: US 89 on February 04, 2021, 05:34:00 PM
Quote from: cjk374 on February 04, 2021, 05:00:38 PM
US 425.
US 425 is the fastest way between Little Rock and Baton Rouge. It may have a bizarre number but as far as the route itself, goes I don't think it's all that useless.
Going into fictional a bit, have anyone thought of that US 425 would have a better number as a US 63 reroute south of Pine Bluff? Between Pine Bluff and El Dorado, US 79 to 167 is faster than 63, and the path of the latter can be demoted to a state route. As with US 412, I think it deserves US 68 more than the current one, which looks like a good US 162 to me.
Quote from: Tom958 on February 03, 2021, 10:00:38 PM
US 311. :clap:
Before the extension to Virginia, I somewhat agreed. Now I just think it's fine as a US route but would be better combined with US 360.
Eh. US 1. The Overseas Highway portion.
(https://wordforge.net/images/smilies/emot-colbert.gif)
Quote from: jayhawkco on February 01, 2021, 07:19:53 PM
US138 is basically just BL76.
To add, US266 is basically just BL 40.
Quote from: Takumi on February 04, 2021, 06:12:48 PM
Quote from: Tom958 on February 03, 2021, 10:00:38 PM
US 311. :clap:
Before the extension to Virginia, I somewhat agreed. Now I just think it’s fine as a US route but would be better combined with US 360.
Nobody is driving US311 as a continuous corridor from central NC to Danville, VA. For this reason, there's no reason for the US311 designation to exist.
There are multiple interpretations of what it means for a US Route to be "useless." Is the designation useless? Or is the road itself useless? Which idea of uselessness are we discussing here?
Any route under 500 miles is pointless.
Quote from: I-39 on February 05, 2021, 11:30:42 PM
Any route under 500 miles is pointless.
Oof, bad news for the entire Northwest Territories system then.
Yeah, yeah, I know this thread is about US Highways, and you intended your comment as such, but I'm just taking the 'route' definition to its logical extreme ;)
Quote from: RoadWarrior56 on February 01, 2021, 07:44:18 PM
To me, US 138 is the US Highway equivalent of an elderly almost-forgotten man who lost his parents when he was a toddler (US 38 of course), and has no memory of them. He only has a tattered old roadside photo of a US 38 sign in the field to remind him of who his birth parents were. His foster parents (US 6) never adopted him, so he lived almost all of his life feeling like an orphan. His useful working life was even cut short by I-80S/I-76, so he lives out his days as a lonely old man.
I started a thread like that
Quote from: paulthemapguy on February 05, 2021, 08:08:29 PM
Quote from: jayhawkco on February 01, 2021, 07:19:53 PM
US138 is basically just BL76.
To add, US266 is basically just BL 40.
Quote from: Takumi on February 04, 2021, 06:12:48 PM
Quote from: Tom958 on February 03, 2021, 10:00:38 PM
US 311. :clap:
Before the extension to Virginia, I somewhat agreed. Now I just think it's fine as a US route but would be better combined with US 360.
Nobody is driving US311 as a continuous corridor from central NC to Danville, VA. For this reason, there's no reason for the US311 designation to exist.
There are multiple interpretations of what it means for a US Route to be "useless." Is the designation useless? Or is the road itself useless? Which idea of uselessness are we discussing here?
Should become US 220 into Bedford, PA.
Quote from: paulthemapguy on February 05, 2021, 08:08:29 PM
Nobody is driving US311 as a continuous corridor from central NC to Danville, VA. For this reason, there's no reason for the US311 designation to exist.
Of course, nobody drives US-160 as a continuous corridor from Springfield (MO) to Independence (KS) either.
Well, except
hbelkins (https://www.aaroads.com/forum/index.php?topic=27276.msg2518105#msg2518105)...
Quote from: kphoger on February 10, 2021, 12:16:55 PM
Quote from: paulthemapguy on February 05, 2021, 08:08:29 PM
Nobody is driving US311 as a continuous corridor from central NC to Danville, VA. For this reason, there's no reason for the US311 designation to exist.
Of course, nobody drives US-160 as a continuous corridor from Springfield (MO) to Independence (KS) either.
Well, except hbelkins (https://www.aaroads.com/forum/index.php?topic=27276.msg2518105#msg2518105)...
I haven't yet, but it's still on the table.
On the contray, US 66 doesn't exist anymore except in history and pop culture, but there's probably still people out there trying to clinch as much of the old roadway that's possible.
Quote from: kphoger on February 10, 2021, 12:16:55 PM
Of course, nobody drives US-160 as a continuous corridor from Springfield (MO) to Independence (KS) either.
I didn't make it quite to Independence, but I did do US-160 as a continuous corridor from Springfield to US-169 once. Mostly because doing I-44 from Springfield (where I was going to college) to Oklahoma City was boring as hell by that point, so I was trying anything approximating a diagonal between Springfield and Norman to liven things up (and of course to put mileage into routes and clinch counties).
I know this is an old thread but I thought I'd bump it because I saw US-211 on another post and it made me think of useless US highways and I don't see where it was mentioned here. I see where US-311 and US-411 have been mentioned but US-211 is a very short US highway only in Virginia so why does it even exist?
I'm surprised the thread made it this long with nobody mentioning US-266. By the time US-66 was decommissioned, 266 didn't connect to it anymore, and what little is left after I-40 plowed through just connects a few random small towns (or I guess provides an alternate to I-40 if you want to be charitable). About the only use it has is as a good cheap clinching target for roadgeeks to get their first US route clinch without having to go on a multi-day drive.
Part of me wonders if the reason nobody's tried to have it decommissioned is because Oklahoma already has a SH-266, and nobody trusts ODOT to pick a new number instead of just having two of the same route, like they do with a bunch of other numbers.
Modern US-91 does cross state lines, but it really seems like it could just be two state highways at this point.
Quote from: Flint1979 on October 16, 2022, 11:01:28 PM
I know this is an old thread but I thought I'd bump it because I saw US-211 on another post and it made me think of useless US highways and I don't see where it was mentioned here. I see where US-311 and US-411 have been mentioned but US-211 is a very short US highway only in Virginia so why does it even exist?
US 211 definitely is not useless. US 211 and Lee Highway is a good access point for the center of Shenandoah National Park and carries a decent amount of freight traffic. The eastern terminus is what doesn't make sense, or rather how it is configured in Warrenton.
How US 211 survived is due to it being one of the original US Routes. For a time it even reached Washington DC before it was truncated to where it is now. Basically it hangs around because Virginia isn't really beholden to request a deletion for it being intrastate and under 300 miles.
Quote from: silverback1065 on February 03, 2021, 09:26:10 PM
us 730
Provides a quick connection between I-84 and Walla Walla, so not useless.
Quote from: Quillz on October 16, 2022, 11:18:07 PM
Modern US-91 does cross state lines, but it really seems like it could just be two state highways at this point.
Ehh... maybe the part between Pocatello and Idaho Falls, but the southern half that isn't right next to I-15 gets a lot of traffic (relatively speaking) and would probably be a good candidate for a shorter 3dus if 91 were to not exist at all. As it is, 91 is the only four-lane connection to the outside world for both Franklin and Cache County.
Quote from: US 89 on October 17, 2022, 12:09:13 AM
Quote from: Quillz on October 16, 2022, 11:18:07 PM
Modern US-91 does cross state lines, but it really seems like it could just be two state highways at this point.
Ehh... maybe the part between Pocatello and Idaho Falls, but the southern half that isn't right next to I-15 gets a lot of traffic (relatively speaking) and would probably be a good candidate for a shorter 3dus if 91 were to not exist at all. As it is, 91 is the only four-lane connection to the outside world for both Franklin and Cache County.
Having lived in Logan for about 6 years, I can concur. US-91 may be a shell of its former self, but I wouldn't call it useless.
I'm all for preserving/breathing new life into orphaned US Routes, but I'd nominate US-266 as it currently stands; its only purpose is to serve as a frontage road to I-40.
Quote from: US 89 on October 17, 2022, 12:09:13 AM
Quote from: Quillz on October 16, 2022, 11:18:07 PM
Modern US-91 does cross state lines, but it really seems like it could just be two state highways at this point.
Ehh... maybe the part between Pocatello and Idaho Falls, but the southern half that isn't right next to I-15 gets a lot of traffic (relatively speaking) and would probably be a good candidate for a shorter 3dus if 91 were to not exist at all. As it is, 91 is the only four-lane connection to the outside world for both Franklin and Cache County.
Of course ultimately US-191 would be US-91 and vice versa
Quote from: Bruce on October 16, 2022, 11:53:30 PM
Quote from: silverback1065 on February 03, 2021, 09:26:10 PM
us 730
Provides a quick connection between I-84 and Walla Walla, so not useless.
Walla Walla is the place Daffy Duck originated in the 1956 cartoon The High and the Flighty :-D
Quote from: Max Rockatansky on October 16, 2022, 11:39:16 PM
Quote from: Flint1979 on October 16, 2022, 11:01:28 PM
I know this is an old thread but I thought I'd bump it because I saw US-211 on another post and it made me think of useless US highways and I don't see where it was mentioned here. I see where US-311 and US-411 have been mentioned but US-211 is a very short US highway only in Virginia so why does it even exist?
US 211 definitely is not useless. US 211 and Lee Highway is a good access point for the center of Shenandoah National Park and carries a decent amount of freight traffic. The eastern terminus is what doesn't make sense, or rather how it is configured in Warrenton.
How US 211 survived is due to it being one of the original US Routes. For a time it even reached Washington DC before it was truncated to where it is now. Basically it hangs around because Virginia isn't really beholden to request a deletion for it being intrastate and under 300 miles.
The route might not be useless but it being a US highway is, even though it provides access to Shenandoah National Park I think it should be a state highway and if it was I wouldn't think it was useless.
Out of US-11's spur routes the one that makes the most sense is US-411 but the problem there is that it never meets US-11 it comes close to it a couple times though. I-83 pretty much replaced US-111, US-211 is too short and only in one state so yeah I'm surprised that one hasn't been downgraded to a state highway which basically a US highway is pretty much anyway. I think the difference is that US highways follow more important corridors than state highways do. Another thing is that US-411 for the most part has Interstate highways following it.
Quote from: Flint1979 on October 17, 2022, 08:16:51 AM
Quote from: Max Rockatansky on October 16, 2022, 11:39:16 PM
Quote from: Flint1979 on October 16, 2022, 11:01:28 PM
I know this is an old thread but I thought I'd bump it because I saw US-211 on another post and it made me think of useless US highways and I don't see where it was mentioned here. I see where US-311 and US-411 have been mentioned but US-211 is a very short US highway only in Virginia so why does it even exist?
US 211 definitely is not useless. US 211 and Lee Highway is a good access point for the center of Shenandoah National Park and carries a decent amount of freight traffic. The eastern terminus is what doesn't make sense, or rather how it is configured in Warrenton.
How US 211 survived is due to it being one of the original US Routes. For a time it even reached Washington DC before it was truncated to where it is now. Basically it hangs around because Virginia isn't really beholden to request a deletion for it being intrastate and under 300 miles.
The route might not be useless but it being a US highway is, even though it provides access to Shenandoah National Park I think it should be a state highway and if it was I wouldn't think it was useless.
To me a sub three hundred mile US Route which provided direct access to a National Park is totally worth while. US 211 also has some extra punch given it is part of the Lee Highway which itself is a significant surface Route corridor. I tend to believe the 300 mile rule AASHTO put in place for intrastate routes to be dubious at best. I see no reason why small US Routes which are intrastate shouldn't exist if they provide utility, US 211 certainly does. Just because a small US Route doesn't meet the 300 mile intrastate rule doesn't mean it's useless. Virginia seemingly agrees given they have never requested for US 211 to be deleted.
The only issue I find with US 211 is that it ends at US 211 Business/US 29 Business instead of modern US 15 and US 29 at the Warrenton Bypass. It would literally only be about a 1,000 foot extension for US 211 to reach the Warrenton Bypass.
US 211 is been replaced by I-66. It once served as connection to Washington from US 211 as I-66 now does from I-81. US 211 used to end at the Key Bridge between Arlington and Washington via a lengthy overlap with US 29.
Yeah, it still is a connector for regional needs, but that does not mean it has to be a US route either. It can be VA 211 IMO.
A National Park sure seems like something that has substantial weight that usually carries non-regional traffic. A fair amount of plates on US 211 in the vicinity of Thornton Gap aren't from Virginia. I also don't see an issue having a US Route acting as redundancy or an alternate to an Interstate (look to California to see what that lack of redundancy in mountain corridors has wrought). All of these things are far from "useless."
I think we are making a weak case for saying US 211 has little use or utility. Doesn't meet current AASHTO guidelines, but definitely not the worst example of US Route regarding utility we can come up with. We aren't talking US 191/Coronado Trail levels of low traffic.
Quote from: Flint1979 on October 17, 2022, 08:22:31 AM
Out of US-11's spur routes the one that makes the most sense is US-411 but the problem there is that it never meets US-11 it comes close to it a couple times though. I-83 pretty much replaced US-111, US-211 is too short and only in one state so yeah I'm surprised that one hasn't been downgraded to a state highway which basically a US highway is pretty much anyway. I think the difference is that US highways follow more important corridors than state highways do. Another thing is that US-411 for the most part has Interstate highways following it.
At one time, US 411 met US 11 in Bristol, Va. It followed the route of what is now US 321 out of Newport, Tenn., then was concurrent with US 11E, then US 19W and US 19 after its E-W splits merge, to terminate at the split of US 11E and 11W on the Virginia side of the state line.
This is especially memorable to me because for years, there was a typo in an oil company map, which I think was produced by Gousha, that listed one of the concurrencies as "US 441" instead of 411. I think it was the concurrency of 11E, 19, and 411 in a single shield printed along the road between the 19 E-W split and Bristol.
How about US 163? Aside from it being nowhere near US 63, why isn't this just a state highway? It's also really short at only 64 miles. I know it serves 2 states so it's legal, but why?
US 117 is definitely one. It only exists in NC, and most of its route has been taken over by two Interstates (I-40 and I-795).
Quote from: BlueOutback7 on October 17, 2022, 01:14:16 PM
How about US 163? Aside from it being nowhere near US 63, why isn't this just a state highway? It's also really short at only 64 miles. I know it serves 2 states so it's legal, but why?
Handy short cut from Flagstaff and Phoenix to Moab. Hate the number but definitely has a use for a really scenic destination.
Quote from: BlueOutback7 on October 17, 2022, 01:14:16 PM
How about US 163? Aside from it being nowhere near US 63, why isn't this just a state highway? It's also really short at only 64 miles. I know it serves 2 states so it's legal, but why?
This one did come to my mind, only because it could easily be two state highways. I think also it probably being the most photographed US highway in the system more than makes up for its justification to be a US highway.
Quote from: ethanhopkin14 on October 17, 2022, 03:25:35 PM
Quote from: BlueOutback7 on October 17, 2022, 01:14:16 PM
How about US 163? Aside from it being nowhere near US 63, why isn't this just a state highway? It's also really short at only 64 miles. I know it serves 2 states so it's legal, but why?
This one did come to my mind, only because it could easily be two state highways. I think also it probably being the most photographed US highway in the system more than makes up for its justification to be a US highway.
You guys should really look up what is going on with US 191 north of US 160 to the Utah State Line.
Quote from: Max Rockatansky on October 17, 2022, 03:52:20 PM
Quote from: ethanhopkin14 on October 17, 2022, 03:25:35 PM
Quote from: BlueOutback7 on October 17, 2022, 01:14:16 PM
How about US 163? Aside from it being nowhere near US 63, why isn't this just a state highway? It's also really short at only 64 miles. I know it serves 2 states so it's legal, but why?
This one did come to my mind, only because it could easily be two state highways. I think also it probably being the most photographed US highway in the system more than makes up for its justification to be a US highway.
You guys should really look up what is going on with US 191 north of US 160 to the Utah State Line.
I have driven it more than once. It's part of a larger route, so there is no point decommissioning 5 miles of it. I only thought of US-163 because of its short length and number being so random, but again, it's photographic prowess more than makes up for it. US-191 is a border to border so why get picky about 5 miles of it?
Quote from: ethanhopkin14 on October 17, 2022, 04:31:04 PM
Quote from: Max Rockatansky on October 17, 2022, 03:52:20 PM
Quote from: ethanhopkin14 on October 17, 2022, 03:25:35 PM
Quote from: BlueOutback7 on October 17, 2022, 01:14:16 PM
How about US 163? Aside from it being nowhere near US 63, why isn't this just a state highway? It's also really short at only 64 miles. I know it serves 2 states so it's legal, but why?
This one did come to my mind, only because it could easily be two state highways. I think also it probably being the most photographed US highway in the system more than makes up for its justification to be a US highway.
You guys should really look up what is going on with US 191 north of US 160 to the Utah State Line.
I have driven it more than once. It's part of a larger route, so there is no point decommissioning 5 miles of it. I only thought of US-163 because of its short length and number being so random, but again, it's photographic prowess more than makes up for it. US-191 is a border to border so why get picky about 5 miles of it?
But is 191 actually continuous? I don't believe that's ever actually been really answered given the gap in ADOT maintenance.
Quote from: Scott5114 on October 16, 2022, 11:15:33 PM
I'm surprised the thread made it this long with nobody mentioning US-266. By the time US-66 was decommissioned, 266 didn't connect to it anymore, and what little is left after I-40 plowed through just connects a few random small towns (or I guess provides an alternate to I-40 if you want to be charitable). About the only use it has is as a good cheap clinching target for roadgeeks to get their first US route clinch without having to go on a multi-day drive.
Part of me wonders if the reason nobody's tried to have it decommissioned is because Oklahoma already has a SH-266, and nobody trusts ODOT to pick a new number instead of just having two of the same route, like they do with a bunch of other numbers.
Per https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_state_highways_in_Oklahoma, SH 262 can be used on US 266. Especially since the west end of US 266 meets US 62.
Quote from: Bruce on October 16, 2022, 11:53:30 PM
Quote from: silverback1065 on February 03, 2021, 09:26:10 PM
us 730
Provides a quick connection between I-84 and Walla Walla, so not useless.
Depends upon how WSDOT will handle what will be the junction of US 730 with new US 12 when that gets done by the end of the decade. If I understand the plan right, US 730 will be extended to meet that US 12, but what it will look like is not known at this time.
Quote from: Max Rockatansky on October 17, 2022, 01:37:11 PM
Quote from: BlueOutback7 on October 17, 2022, 01:14:16 PM
How about US 163? Aside from it being nowhere near US 63, why isn't this just a state highway? It's also really short at only 64 miles. I know it serves 2 states so it's legal, but why?
Handy short cut from Flagstaff and Phoenix to Moab. Hate the number but definitely has a use for a really scenic destination.
Plus, I feel that there's at least some potential to, at the very least, extend 163 east to US-160 in Colorado.
(Yes, I'm aware that this should likely result in US-163 getting a new number, but the point still stands.)
Quote from: US 89 on October 17, 2022, 12:09:13 AM
Quote from: Quillz on October 16, 2022, 11:18:07 PM
Modern US-91 does cross state lines, but it really seems like it could just be two state highways at this point.
Ehh... maybe the part between Pocatello and Idaho Falls, but the southern half that isn't right next to I-15 gets a lot of traffic (relatively speaking) and would probably be a good candidate for a shorter 3dus if 91 were to not exist at all. As it is, 91 is the only four-lane connection to the outside world for both Franklin and Cache County.
Or, if you really wanted US 91 to play a major role in the US highway system again, you could:
1. Reroute US 20 onto US 26 from Shoshoni to I-15 at Idaho Falls. (Which would settle the US 6/US 20 "Who is longer" debate, as it would shorten US 20 considerably). Oh, and while we're doing that, convince Nebraska DOT to route MSR 92 onto the current US 26 from Scottsbluff to I-25 in place of US 26, so that US 26 can have its east end in Idaho Falls.
2. Extend US 91 onto both US 20 from I-15 to West Yellowstone, and US 287 north of West Yellowstone, and have US 91 end where US 287's north end currently is.
3. If you REALLY wanted to make US 91 even more major than that, you could extend US 91 from the Brigham City exit on I-15 down to the south Nephi exit, then put US 91 on to Utah SR 28, then have it take the place of US 89 all the way to Flagstaff. Oh, and put US 91A in lieu of US 89A. As for the portions of US 89 from Brigham City to Nephi that are NOT on I-15; well, let UDOT put its own SR numbers and shields on to those roads.
Quote from: kenarmy on February 03, 2021, 11:57:15 PM
in before these get dismissed for being "distinct":
US 340. what's the purpose of this? It parallels US 11 and I-81 until Maryland. no literally what is it..
US 16. US 14 and I-90 make this route look pretty worthless. It could easily be a rerouted 14, 14 alt, or even a branch of 14.
US 212. US 12 and I-94 are both faster than this route from Minnie to Billings and it doesn't really serve anything between these points. I guess you could say a billings- Yellowstone route is important but still.
US 411. I said this route was underrated, but does it really serve that much function? It's like 11 wanted a longer E-W split, but it was rejected, so it gave birth to 411.
US 223. Surprised this is still around
Both South Dakota DOT and South Dakota's Dept of Tourism would have conniption fits if you suggested US 16/US 16A should ever be renumbered or removed from the US highway system. For reasons that should be obvious to one and all. Now, if WYDOT wanted to be neighborly enough to reroute US 16 onto US 14 past Gillette, and renumber US 14A as US 16A, SDDOT would have no problem at all with the idea of truncating US 14 at Wall (or even as far east as US 83 at Blunt).
Quote from: brad2971 on October 17, 2022, 05:40:53 PM
Both South Dakota DOT and South Dakota's Dept of Tourism would have conniption fits if you suggested US 16/US 16A should ever be renumbered or removed from the US highway system. For reasons that should be obvious to one and all.
It is not obvious to me at all why either agency would be dead-set against renumbering them. Removing them,
ma-a-a-aybe.
Quote from: brad2971 on October 17, 2022, 05:24:41 PM
2. Extend US 91 onto both US 20 from I-15 to West Yellowstone, and US 287 north of West Yellowstone, and have US 91 end where US 287's north end currently is.
Obviously this is fictional highway territory, but this would put US 91 back on its original route between Helena and Wolf Creek, MT, and even some of its original roadbed where I-15 was built on top of it.
19W is pretty useless as a US highway designation. It spends a lot of its time in extremely rural areas with very low AADT (around 60 in NC), and when it doesn't, it's multiplexed with other highways that are already more sensible routings to the areas they serve than 19W.
I have driven 19W in NC myself and didn't see a single car the entire time I was on it, even when I stopped for several minutes at a time to take photos.
It would make sense to eliminate the designation, but I'd be sad to see another road oddity like that gone.
Quote from: kphoger on October 17, 2022, 05:50:39 PM
Quote from: brad2971 on October 17, 2022, 05:40:53 PM
Both South Dakota DOT and South Dakota's Dept of Tourism would have conniption fits if you suggested US 16/US 16A should ever be renumbered or removed from the US highway system. For reasons that should be obvious to one and all.
It is not obvious to me at all why either agency would be dead-set against renumbering them. Removing them, ma-a-a-aybe.
IMO, as a Hills native, US 16 is used heavily in marketing, for local businesses, municipalities, etc. I know it's referring to the Wyoming section, but there's a billboard just west of Spearfish advertising for 16 through the Bighorns and they sign it as US I-16 (here (https://www.google.com/maps/@44.5227403,-103.9050528,3a,15y,328.61h,87.2t/data=!3m7!1e1!3m5!1shHB-AVm-oFL9hYnlFZ4LJQ!2e0!6shttps:%2F%2Fstreetviewpixels-pa.googleapis.com%2Fv1%2Fthumbnail%3Fpanoid%3DhHB-AVm-oFL9hYnlFZ4LJQ%26cb_client%3Dsearch.revgeo_and_fetch.gps%26w%3D96%26h%3D64%26yaw%3D205.61726%26pitch%3D0%26thumbfov%3D100!7i16384!8i8192), I've wanted to fix that billboard since as soon as I became a roadgeek). Both SD and WY probably wouldn't want to go through the hassle of re-signing everything, re-naming rural roads, etc. especially if they were told to do it.
Quote from: brad2971 on October 17, 2022, 05:40:53 PM
Now, if WYDOT wanted to be neighborly enough to reroute US 16 onto US 14 past Gillette, and renumber US 14A as US 16A, SDDOT would have no problem at all with the idea of truncating US 14 at Wall (or even as far east as US 83 at Blunt).
Buffalo and Worland would not be happy, they heavily market that route as "The Best Way to Yellowstone Trademark".
Quote from: SD Mapman on October 17, 2022, 11:26:06 PM
Quote from: kphoger on October 17, 2022, 05:50:39 PM
Quote from: brad2971 on October 17, 2022, 05:40:53 PM
Both South Dakota DOT and South Dakota's Dept of Tourism would have conniption fits if you suggested US 16/US 16A should ever be renumbered or removed from the US highway system. For reasons that should be obvious to one and all.
It is not obvious to me at all why either agency would be dead-set against renumbering them. Removing them, ma-a-a-aybe.
IMO, as a Hills native, US 16 is used heavily in marketing, for local businesses, municipalities, etc. I know it's referring to the Wyoming section, but there's a billboard just west of Spearfish advertising for 16 through the Bighorns and they sign it as US I-16 (here (https://www.google.com/maps/@44.5227403,-103.9050528,3a,15y,328.61h,87.2t/data=!3m7!1e1!3m5!1shHB-AVm-oFL9hYnlFZ4LJQ!2e0!6shttps:%2F%2Fstreetviewpixels-pa.googleapis.com%2Fv1%2Fthumbnail%3Fpanoid%3DhHB-AVm-oFL9hYnlFZ4LJQ%26cb_client%3Dsearch.revgeo_and_fetch.gps%26w%3D96%26h%3D64%26yaw%3D205.61726%26pitch%3D0%26thumbfov%3D100!7i16384!8i8192), I've wanted to fix that billboard since as soon as I became a roadgeek). Both SD and WY probably wouldn't want to go through the hassle of re-signing everything, re-naming rural roads, etc. especially if they were told to do it.
Quote from: brad2971 on October 17, 2022, 05:40:53 PM
Now, if WYDOT wanted to be neighborly enough to reroute US 16 onto US 14 past Gillette, and renumber US 14A as US 16A, SDDOT would have no problem at all with the idea of truncating US 14 at Wall (or even as far east as US 83 at Blunt).
Buffalo and Worland would not be happy, they heavily market that route as "The Best Way to Yellowstone Trademark".
The WORST way to Yellowstone. 14 & 14A are much more scenic. But it is funny to pass "Brokenback Mountain"
Quotebut there's a billboard just west of Spearfish advertising for 16 through the Bighorns and they sign it as US I-16
I remember that sign! Stuck out like a sore thumb going by on I-90.
US 630 :meh:
Quote from: brad2971 on October 17, 2022, 05:12:42 PM
Quote from: Scott5114 on October 16, 2022, 11:15:33 PM
I'm surprised the thread made it this long with nobody mentioning US-266. By the time US-66 was decommissioned, 266 didn't connect to it anymore, and what little is left after I-40 plowed through just connects a few random small towns (or I guess provides an alternate to I-40 if you want to be charitable). About the only use it has is as a good cheap clinching target for roadgeeks to get their first US route clinch without having to go on a multi-day drive.
Part of me wonders if the reason nobody's tried to have it decommissioned is because Oklahoma already has a SH-266, and nobody trusts ODOT to pick a new number instead of just having two of the same route, like they do with a bunch of other numbers.
Per https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_state_highways_in_Oklahoma, SH 262 can be used on US 266. Especially since the west end of US 266 meets US 62.
I mean, it
can be. But given what they did with SH 52, which it intersects...And 74, and 4, and 37, and...
I still think 641 qualifies, even with the extension in Tennessee and the new construction in Kentucky.
Quote from: hbelkins on February 02, 2021, 04:08:13 PM
US 641, to me, is the textbook example.
Even with the extension to US 64? :)
US 266. For one it's parent no longer exist it's super short and some maps don't even mark it.
Quote from: Max Rockatansky on October 17, 2022, 04:36:13 PM
Quote from: ethanhopkin14 on October 17, 2022, 04:31:04 PM
Quote from: Max Rockatansky on October 17, 2022, 03:52:20 PM
Quote from: ethanhopkin14 on October 17, 2022, 03:25:35 PM
Quote from: BlueOutback7 on October 17, 2022, 01:14:16 PM
How about US 163? Aside from it being nowhere near US 63, why isn't this just a state highway? It's also really short at only 64 miles. I know it serves 2 states so it's legal, but why?
This one did come to my mind, only because it could easily be two state highways. I think also it probably being the most photographed US highway in the system more than makes up for its justification to be a US highway.
You guys should really look up what is going on with US 191 north of US 160 to the Utah State Line.
I have driven it more than once. It's part of a larger route, so there is no point decommissioning 5 miles of it. I only thought of US-163 because of its short length and number being so random, but again, it's photographic prowess more than makes up for it. US-191 is a border to border so why get picky about 5 miles of it?
But is 191 actually continuous? I don't believe that's ever actually been really answered given the gap in ADOT maintenance.
Elsewhere in Arizona there's also a gap in 191 between its terminus at State Route 80, to the disconnected "Business 191" along Pan American Ave in the town of Douglas.
If anything, from an academic standpoint, 191 is a good example of jarring diversity in construction and ROW aspects along a single route. I'm not aware of any other US route that transitions from a 4-lane divided highway, to a small town 2-lane street, to a "temporary" alignment on mine property that shifts periodically to accommodate changes in mine operations, to a scenic two-lane forest road on US Forest Service land, all within a span of less than 20 miles. Not to mention all of its other quirks in other places.
To be fair, I'm not sure any of that adds to its usefulness as a route to the average traveler.
US 285 between Alamosa and Poncha Springs, Colorado. It's much faster to take CO 17 through Hooper.
Quote from: JKRhodes on October 24, 2022, 09:59:16 PM
US 285 between Alamosa and Poncha Springs, Colorado. It's much faster to take CO 17 through Hooper.
I mean that's just that section; the entire route overall seems pretty useful to me...
us 136 is pretty useless.
Federal Route 31W?
Quote from: silverback1065 on October 27, 2022, 08:10:49 AM
us 136 is pretty useless.
Northern Missouri wouldn't say so.
Quote from: ethanhopkin14 on October 27, 2022, 01:47:53 PM
Federal Route 31W?
Careful, Calrog might copyright strike you.
Quote from: Max Rockatansky on October 27, 2022, 02:01:19 PM
Quote from: ethanhopkin14 on October 27, 2022, 01:47:53 PM
Federal Route 31W?
Careful, Calrog might copyright strike you.
Just to clarify: Federal routes are the intellectual property of a little green shrub.