Let me guess: the folks in Stephenville, TX who are fighting to keep the town rural probably have a lot of gray hair on their heads, right? There's a lot of older folks here in Oklahoma who want to keep their small towns "rural," but it's coming at a cost of them losing population. They're shedding young people like crazy due to the lack of job opportunities (not to mention the towns being a social dead zone). The kids grow up and flee to the big cities -where they struggle with much higher living costs. Trade one set of problems for another.
At any rate the residents of Stephenville don't own that entire region of Texas. If they want to block an upgrade-able US-281 bypass that runs close to Stephenville then TX DOT could just build such a route farther outside town, far enough outside Stephenville's town limits where they would have little recourse to stop it.
As it is, US-281 runs on a somewhat crooked, angular route through that part of Texas. It's possible to build an "I-33" relief route for I-35 that runs a more straight shot, bypassing Hamilton and Hico to the West and then going half way between Stephenville and Bluff Dale to take a more direct shot at Mineral Wells. Hell, "I-33" could go a good bit West of Jacksboro to gain a faster path to Wichita Falls.